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Author(s): Lars H Lund Added: 3 years ago
The cut-off values for “normal” ejection fraction (EF) are poorly defined. The EchoNoRMAL study suggested a lower boundary of 49–57%.1 The American Society of Echocardiography and European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging consider a normal EF and normal range (±2 SD) as 62% (52–72%) in men and 64% (54–74%) in women.2 By these criteria, an EF of 40–49% would not be considered normal. However… View more

Heart Failure
Author(s): Yury Lopatin Added: 3 years ago
In 2016, the Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)1 introduced heart failure (HF) with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF) as a distinct phenotype. This distinction was expected to stimulate research on the underlying characteristics, pathophysiology and treatment of patients with HFmrEF. Indeed, in the following… View more

Heart Failure
Author(s): Sunil K Nadar , Osama Tariq Added: 3 years ago
The latest guidelines on the diagnosis and management of heart failure (HF) published by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) introduced a new class of HF: HF with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF).1 This was in addition to the previously-defined classes: HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), in which the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is below 40%, and HF with preserved… View more

Heart Failure
Heart Failure With Mid-range or Recovered Ejection Fraction: Differential Determinants of Transition
Author(s): Davide Margonato , Simone Mazzetti , Renata De Maria , et al Added: 3 years ago
Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome caused by functional and structural abnormalities of the left ventricle (LV) resulting in a combination of typical signs and symptoms. Historically, HF has been classified according to LV ejection fraction (EF) as either HF with reduced EF (HFrEF; LVEF <40%) or HF with preserved EF (HFpEF; LVEF >50%).1,2 The 2016 European Society of Cardiology (ESC)… View more

Heart Failure
Foreword

Article

Author(s): Andrew JS Coats , Giuseppe Rosano Added: 3 years ago
It is with great pleasure that we introduce to you, our readers, Volume 4.2 of Cardiac Failure Review. Heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction, HFmrEF, formally introduced into the definition of heart failure phenotypes by the 2016 ESC Heart Failure Guidelines,1 has been the subject of intense investigation and analysis since its launch as a concept. One of these outcomes has been the re… View more

Heart Failure
Foreword

Article

Author(s): Andrew JS Coats , Giuseppe Rosano Added: 3 years ago
We have great pleasure in introducing the latest issue of Cardiac Failure Review. We have been impressed with the extra information that has flooded in concerning the new classification of heart failure (including for the first time heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction [HFmrEF]) popularised by the influential 2016 European Society of Cardiology and Heart Failure Association Guidelines.1… View more

Heart Failure
Foreword

Article

Author(s): Andrew JS Coats , Giuseppe Rosano Added: 3 years ago
We have great pleasure in introducing the latest issue of Cardiac Failure Review. As we gear up for the annual heart failure congress of the European Heart Failure Association (29 April–2 May 2017), we reflect on the successes and failures since the influential European guidelines were published in Florence a year ago. In this 12-month period we have seen the promotion of a new category of… View more

Standards & Guidelines

Heart Failure
Author(s): Santhi Adigopula , Julia Grapsa Added: 3 years ago
The increasing prevalence of heart failure requires the establishment of new imaging techniques that are able to diagnose early and guide treatment. With an estimated 825,000 new cases annually in the US, the heart failure burden will continue to rise and is expected to exceed 8 million by 2030.1 Echocardiography Left Ventricular Function: The New Definition of Mid-Range Ejection Fraction Heart… View more

Imaging & Diagnostics

Heart Failure
ESC 2021 Discussion: The EMPEROR-Preserved Trial
Author(s): Stefan Anker , Harriette Van Spall Added: 2 years ago
Late-breaker host, Dr Harriette Van Spall (McMaster University, CA)is joined by Principal Investigator, Prof Stefan Anker (Charite Campus Virchow Clinic, DE) for an in-depth discussion on the latest data from the EMPEROR-Preserved trial presented at ESC Congress 2021. EMPagliflozin outcomE tRial in Patients With chrOnic heaRt Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction evaluated the effects of… View more

Standards & Guidelines

Heart Failure
Hyperkalemia and Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System Inhibitors Dose Therapy in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction
Author(s): Giuseppe Rosano , Ilaria Spoletini , Cristiana Vitale , et al Added: 3 years ago
Heart failure (HF) affects 1–2% of the population in developed countries and absorbs a significant amount of human and economic resources.1,2 HF is a complex syndrome characterised by a spectrum of symptoms and phenotypes: HF with preserved ejection fraction, HF with mid-range ejection fraction and HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).3 Differentiating patients according to left ventricular… View more

Heart Failure