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Author(s):
Mark IM Noble
Added:
3 years ago
The simplicity of the concept of contractility is illustrated in Figure 1, which is the case for a strip of muscle connected to a force transducer. If one records the force of a contraction, and then measures it again at a longer length, the force is found to be higher. If by making other interventions, such as increasing the calcium ion (Ca2+) concentration of the extracellular fluid, and the…
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Author(s):
Syed Yaseen Naqvi
,
Ibrahim G Salama
,
Ayhan Yoruk
,
et al
Added:
3 years ago
Heart failure is a progressive and fatal disease that affects more than 23 million people worldwide, and will affect more than 8 million people in the USA by 2030.1,2 Despite major advancements in medical and device treatments for heart failure in recent decades, the incidence of heart failure continues to rise. This epidemic has a major impact on patient quality of life, while imposing heavy…
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Author(s):
Lars H Lund
Added:
3 years ago
The cut-off values for “normal” ejection fraction (EF) are poorly defined. The EchoNoRMAL study suggested a lower boundary of 49–57%.1 The American Society of Echocardiography and European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging consider a normal EF and normal range (±2 SD) as 62% (52–72%) in men and 64% (54–74%) in women.2 By these criteria, an EF of 40–49% would not be considered normal.
However…
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Author(s):
Nicholas Wettersten
,
Alan S Maisel
Added:
3 years ago
Cardiac troponin (cTn) is the core biomarker for the diagnosis of a myocardial infarct (MI).1 Indeed, as stated in Table 1, it meets all the definitions of a biomarker for acute coronary syndrome (ACS), as suggested by Maisel.2 In the setting of ACS, in addition to its diagnostic use, it is prognostic, clinically actionable and can be monitored during therapy as a surrogate of improvement. In…
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Author(s):
Santhi Adigopula
,
Julia Grapsa
Added:
3 years ago
The increasing prevalence of heart failure requires the establishment of new imaging techniques that are able to diagnose early and guide treatment. With an estimated 825,000 new cases annually in the US, the heart failure burden will continue to rise and is expected to exceed 8 million by 2030.1
Echocardiography
Left Ventricular Function: The New Definition of Mid-Range Ejection Fraction Heart…
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Author(s):
Tonje Thorvaldsen
,
Lars H Lund
Added:
3 years ago
Heart failure (HF) is associated with poor quality of life, high risk of death and is the leading cause of hospitalisation.1 With an ageing population and improved care for cardiovascular diseases, the prevalence of HF is increasing. Despite advances in HF therapies, 1–10% of the population with HF progress to an advanced stage of the disease.2,3 In the US, an estimated 250,000–300,000 patients…
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Author(s):
José Silva-Cardoso
,
José Ramón González Juanatey
,
Josep Comin-Colet
,
et al
Added:
2 years ago
Author(s):
Yih-Kai Chan
,
Alice M David
,
Caitlyn Mainland
,
et al
Added:
3 years ago
Primarily due to significant treatment advancements to prevent previously fatal acute cardiac events, the burden of heart failure (HF), characterised by chronic symptoms, acute hospitalisations and premature mortality, continues to rise.1,2 Latest expert guidelines3,4 confirmed by meta-analyses5,6 support the application of multidisciplinary HF management programs to improve health outcomes…
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Author(s):
Fang Fang
,
Zhou Yu Jie
,
Luo Xiu Xia
,
et al
Added:
3 years ago
The prevalence of heart failure (HF) is still high1 and is rising in developing countries.2 Despite optimal medical therapy, refractory HF is a common occurrence and remains a “global disease requiring global response.”3 The emergence of cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT), has brought a new paradigm in the management of HF. CRT has been the most promising device therapy in mild-to-severe HF…
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