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1 year ago
Start date:
Jun 10, 2015
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3 years ago
The cut-off values for “normal” ejection fraction (EF) are poorly defined. The EchoNoRMAL study suggested a lower boundary of 49–57%.1 The American Society of Echocardiography and European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging consider a normal EF and normal range (±2 SD) as 62% (52–72%) in men and 64% (54–74%) in women.2 By these criteria, an EF of 40–49% would not be considered normal.
However…
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3 years ago
What is Heart Failure?
Heart failure (HF) is a diagnosis made on clinical grounds, requiring at its simplest only a clinical history and physical examination findings, although, of course, certain investigations can help, especially imaging to assess left ventricular (LV) mechanical function. Unlike cancer, or even myocardial infarction (MI), there is no pathological or biochemical test that is…
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2 years ago
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3 years ago
As the population ages, the incidence of both AF and heart failure (HF) will continue to increase. By the year 2030, there will be an estimated >12 million patients with AF and >8 million patients with HF.1,2 A significant proportion of patients with HF have reduced (<50%) left ventricular ejection fraction (heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, HFrEF) and the coexistance of AF…
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1 year ago
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3 years ago
Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is the most widely used parameter of left ventricular (LV) systolic function, and its deterioration is associated with reduced survival rates.1 LVEF is expressed as a percent value, and calculated by dividing the stroke volume (enddiastolic volume minus end-systolic volume) by the end-diastolic volume and multiplying by 100; however, volume measurements…
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Imaging in HFrEF
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1 year ago
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1 year ago
