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Author(s): Tonje Thorvaldsen , Lars H Lund Added: 3 years ago
Heart failure (HF) is associated with poor quality of life, high risk of death and is the leading cause of hospitalisation.1 With an ageing population and improved care for cardiovascular diseases, the prevalence of HF is increasing. Despite advances in HF therapies, 1–10% of the population with HF progress to an advanced stage of the disease.2,3 In the US, an estimated 250,000–300,000 patients… View more
Author(s): Izabella Uchmanowicz , Agnieszka Młynarska , Magdalena Lisiak , et al Added: 3 years ago
The first paper that referred to the problem of ‘frail elderly patients’ was published in 1953, and frailty syndrome (FS) was first described in the 1990s.1,2 Although it has long been recognised and diagnosed, no consensus definition of this clinical syndrome has been established. The Second International Working Meeting on Frailty and Aging in 2006 concluded that FS involves increased… View more
Author(s): Darshan H Brahmbhatt , Martin R Cowie Added: 3 years ago
Heart failure (HF) is increasing in prevalence globally, and is associated with considerable ill health, healthcare costs and mortality. Prevalence increases steeply with age, and the average age of a person admitted to hospital with decompensation in developed countries such as the UK is in the high 70s.1 Comorbidity is the rule, with half of hospitalised patients having at least five… View more
Author(s): Ali Valika , Maria Rosa Costanzo Added: 3 years ago
Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is common in heart failure (HF) patients and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Abnormal sleep patterns are often characterised by cycles of significant pauses in breathing and partial neurological arousals that lead to maladaptive neurohormonal activation. SDB is broadly classified into two types: obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and central sleep… View more
Author(s): Cristiana Vitale , Ilaria Spoletini , Giuseppe Rosano Added: 3 years ago
Exercise intolerance is a typical symptom of heart failure (HF), impairing patients’ ability to perform activities of daily living and affecting quality of life (QOL).1 Chronic HF is characterised by a progressive reduction in exercise capacity, increasing fatigue and shortness of breath.2 In addition, exercise intolerance is often accompanied by increased blood pressure and chronotropic… View more